Researchers perform benchmark study for improving microbial community profiling. The Science Researchers use synthetic and natural microbial lake communities to compare the microbial community profiles generated from high throughput short-read sequencing and high throughput long-read sequencing approaches. The Impact Microbes play key roles in maintaining the planet’s biogeochemical cycles, but only a fraction of them…
Refining the origins of wood-rotting mechanisms
Genome sequences of early-diverging fungi help track origins of white rot fungi. The Science Researchers utilized draft genome sequences of 10 white rot and brown rot fungi representing early-diverging groups to help refine the timeline that dates the enzymatic origins of lignocellulose decomposition. The Impact Fungi are natural degraders of plant material and contain enzymes…
Every Day is Earth Day @ JGI: From A to Z
Providing the infrastructure for tackling energy, environmental challenges. Every year, Earth Day reminds us to continue to provide a cleaner, healthier and sustainable environment for everyone to live in. For those of us who work at the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) though, every day is Earth Day as our resources…
Mapping a Path to Improved Cassava Production
Comparative analysis highlights impacts of previous breeding programs on cassava genome. For nearly a billion people around the world, cassava is a staple crop and a primary source of calories. The plant is easy to cultivate – cuttings grow well on marginal land—and it is very tolerant of drought. For the U.S. Department of Energy,…
Updating microbial diversity representation on the tree of life
Cultivation-independent methods and bioinformatics have dramatically expanded the number of available genome sequences. The Science Using publicly available data sets from multiple sources, including the DOE Joint Genome Institute’s data management system, researchers have reorganized the tree of life to reflect the over 30,000 eukaryote, bacterial and archaeal genomes now known. The Impact The expansion…
Roles of DNA methylation in prokaryotes
Single-molecule sequencing technology assists microbial DNA methylation study. The Science Researchers sequenced 230 diverse archaeal and bacterial genomes to learn more about the roles DNA methylation plays in prokaryotes. The Impact The epigenome of a cell is the collected set of changes made to specific bases in its genomic DNA that affect how the genome…
A window into fungal endophytism
Comparative genomics highlight genes that may determine fungal lifestyles. The Science Researchers sequenced a fungal endophyte of rubber trees and compared its genome to 36 other fungi, focusing on genes that are crucial to host-fungus interactions. The Impact Endophytes reside within living plant cells and can play roles not just in plant health but also…
Proving the Genetic Code’s Flexibility
Researchers show deviations in an amino acid’s code can occur naturally. Four letters – A, C, G and T – stand in for the four chemical bases that store information in DNA. A sequence of these same four letters, repeating in a particular order, genetically defines an organism. Within the genome sequence are shorter, three-letter…
Multiple methods for microbial diversity in one lake
Nine-year study tracks how distinct microbial communities evolve in freshwater lakes. The Science Researchers sequenced, assembled and analyzed bacterial genomes from a nine-year study tracking the evolution of microbial communities in a Wisconsin freshwater lake. The Impact Competing models have been put forward to answer the fundamental question of how microbes evolve, but it remains…
JGI Director to Step Down to Assume Scientific Helm of Startup
After 14 years guiding the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) from completing DOE’s contributions to the Human Genome Project to transitioning the Institute into a National User Facility enabling the science of thousands of researchers focused on energy and environmental problems, DOE JGI Director Eddy Rubin announced today that he will be…