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    Data yielded from RIViT-seq increased the number of sigma factor-gene pairs confirmed in Streptomyces coelicolor from 209 to 399. Here, grey arrows denote previously known regulation and red arrows are regulation identified by RIViT-seq; orange nodes mark sigma factors while gray nodes mark other genes. (Otani, H., Mouncey, N.J. Nat Commun 13, 3502 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31191-w)
    Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria
    Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. RIViT-seq technology could speed up associating transcription factors with their target genes.

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    (PXFuel)
    Designer DNA: JGI Helps Users Blaze New Biosynthetic Pathways
    In a special issue of the journal Synthetic Biology, JGI scientific users share how they’ve worked with the JGI DNA Synthesis Science Program and what they’ve discovered through their collaborations.

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    A genetic element that generates targeted mutations, called diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs), are found in viruses, as well as bacteria and archaea. Most DGRs found in viruses appear to be in their tail fibers. These tail fibers – signified in the cartoon by the blue virus’ downward pointing ‘arms’— allow the virus to attach to one cell type (red), but not the other (purple). DGRs mutate these ‘arms,’ giving the virus opportunities to switch to different prey, like the purple cell. (Courtesy of Blair Paul)
    A Natural Mechanism Can Turbocharge Viral Evolution
    A team has discovered that diversity generating retroelements (DGRs) are not only widespread, but also surprisingly active. In viruses, DGRs appear to generate diversity quickly, allowing these viruses to target new microbial prey.

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    Photograph of a stream of diatoms beneath Arctic sea ice.
    Polar Phytoplankton Need Zinc to Cope with the Cold
    As part of a long-term collaboration with the JGI Algal Program, researchers studying function and activity of phytoplankton genes in polar waters have found that these algae rely on dissolved zinc to photosynthesize.

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    This data image shows the monthly average sea surface temperature for May 2015. Between 2013 and 2016, a large mass of unusually warm ocean water--nicknamed the blob--dominated the North Pacific, indicated here by red, pink, and yellow colors signifying temperatures as much as three degrees Celsius (five degrees Fahrenheit) higher than average. Data are from the NASA Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (MUR SST) Analysis product. (Courtesy NASA Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center)
    When “The Blob” Made It Hotter Under the Water
    Researchers tracked the impact of a large-scale heatwave event in the ocean known as “The Blob” as part of an approved proposal through the Community Science Program.

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    A plantation of poplar trees. (David Gilbert)
    Genome Insider podcast: THE Bioenergy Tree
    The US Department of Energy’s favorite tree is poplar. In this episode, hear from ORNL scientists who have uncovered remarkable genetic secrets that bring us closer to making poplar an economical and sustainable source of energy and materials.

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    HPCwire Editor's Choice Award (logo crop) for Best Use of HPC in the Life Sciences
    JGI Part of Berkeley Lab Team Awarded Best Use of HPC in Life Sciences
    The HPCwire Editors Choice Award for Best Use of HPC in Life Sciences went to the Berkeley Lab team comprised of JGI and ExaBiome Project team, supported by the DOE Exascale Computing Project for MetaHipMer, an end-to-end genome assembler that supports “an unprecedented assembly of environmental microbiomes.”

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    With a common set of "baseline metadata," JGI users can more easily access public data sets. (Steve Wilson)
    A User-Centered Approach to Accessing JGI Data
    Reflecting a structural shift in data access, the JGI Data Portal offers a way for users to more easily access public data sets through a common set of metadata.

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    Phytozome portal collage
    A More Intuitive Phytozome Interface
    Phytozome v13 now hosts upwards of 250 plant genomes and provides users with the genome browsers, gene pages, search, BLAST and BioMart data warehouse interfaces they have come to rely on, with a more intuitive interface.

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    screencap from Amundson and Wilkins subsurface microbiome video
    Digging into Microbial Ecosystems Deep Underground
    JGI users and microbiome researchers at Colorado State University have many questions about the microbial communities deep underground, including the role viral infection may play in other natural ecosystems.

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    Yeast strains engineered for the biochemical conversion of glucose to value-added products are limited in chemical output due to growth and viability constraints. Cell extracts provide an alternative format for chemical synthesis in the absence of cell growth by isolating the soluble components of lysed cells. By separating the production of enzymes (during growth) and the biochemical production process (in cell-free reactions), this framework enables biosynthesis of diverse chemical products at volumetric productivities greater than the source strains. (Blake Rasor)
    Boosting Small Molecule Production in Super “Soup”
    Researchers supported through the Emerging Technologies Opportunity Program describe a two-pronged approach that starts with engineered yeast cells but then moves out of the cell structure into a cell-free system.

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    These bright green spots are fluorescently labelled bacteria from soil collected from the surface of plant roots. For reference, the scale bar at bottom right is 10 micrometers long. (Rhona Stuart)
    A Powerful Technique to Study Microbes, Now Easier
    In JGI's Genome Insider podcast: LLNL biologist Jennifer Pett-Ridge collaborated with JGI scientists through the Emerging Technologies Opportunity Program to semi-automate experiments that measure microbial activity in soil.

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    A view of the mangroves from which the giant bacteria were sampled in Guadeloupe. (Hugo Bret)
    Giant Bacteria Found in Guadeloupe Mangroves Challenge Traditional Concepts
    Harnessing JGI and Berkeley Lab resources, researchers characterized a giant - 5,000 times bigger than most bacteria - filamentous bacterium discovered in the Caribbean mangroves.

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    In their approved proposal, Frederick Colwell of Oregon State University and colleagues are interested in the microbial communities that live on Alaska’s glacially dominated Copper River Delta. They’re looking at how the microbes in these high latitude wetlands, such as the Copper River Delta wetland pond shown here, cycle carbon. (Courtesy of Rick Colwell)
    Monitoring Inter-Organism Interactions Within Ecosystems
    Many of the proposals approved through JGI's annual Community Science Program call focus on harnessing genomics to developing sustainable resources for biofuels and bioproducts.

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    Coloring the water, the algae Phaeocystis blooms off the side of the sampling vessel, Polarstern, in the temperate region of the North Atlantic. (Katrin Schmidt)
    Climate Change Threatens Base of Polar Oceans’ Bountiful Food Webs
    As warm-adapted microbes edge polewards, they’d oust resident tiny algae. It's a trend that threatens to destabilize the delicate marine food web and change the oceans as we know them.

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Our Projects
Home › CSP Plans
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October 1, 2019

Gene Atlas of a Nitrogen-Fixing Legume Symbiont

A transmission electron micrograph of Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021. The scale bar represents 2 microns. (George diCenzo)We will use a high-throughput approach to help fill-in gaps in knowledge of the functional properties of microbes and their genes, laying a solid foundation for researchers hoping to engineer bacteria with improved or novel traits. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

How Beneficial Fungi Regulate Effector Gene Expression

In this study, we will perform a fine-graded comparative analysis of transcription factor activities and functions in relation to beneficial fungal-associations with model plant hosts and measure how outcomes are altered by encounters with pathogenic fungi and selected root-associated bacteria. Improved knowledge of fungal gene regulation during confrontation with other microbes and in different plant hosts will help engineering more resilient fungal strains with enhanced root colonization and growth promotion capacities and provide fresh leads to plant-protection strategies. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Virus-Host Interactions in Model Systems

Microbes and their viruses are recently found to be profoundly impacting in virtually any ecosystem studied – from the oceans and soils to humans and bioreactors. While our knowledge of viral diversity is growing, we often observe genomes without knowing which host cell the virus infects. This proposal seeks to leverage ecosystem modeling and high-resolution time series datasets to scalably identify which viruses infect which hosts in experimental model systems and complex communities. Should it be successful, the new analytic will be powerful context for studying viruses in any ecosystem. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Microbial Genomes Across the World’s Rivers

This proposal seeks to create a global census of microbial genomes across 250 of the world’s rivers, from the Amazon to the Mississippi. Our goal is to create a Genome Resolved Open Watershed (GROW) database- which will be an open access resource to advance knowledge of aquatic microbiology for the entire scientific community. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Inter-organismal Interactions in the Rumen Ecosystem

We propose to generate data that would provide us with a better understanding of the role of different microorganisms involved methanogenesis in the rumen ecosystem and the foundation to develop new strategies for methane mitigation from ruminants. Ruminant animals are one of major anthropogenic sources of the highly potent greenhouse gas methane and advanced methane mitigation strategies would have a significant impact on the global methane emission and the therefore on climate change. This aligns fully with DOE’s mission to reduce the anthropogenic carbon footprint. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Diversity of Parasitic and Commensal Chytrids

Chytrids are basal fungi. Despite the chytrids major negative impact on algal phytoplankton productivity and as a major pest in microalgal biofuels production facilities, extremely little is known about the biology of these organisms. We expect that the genomic data provided from this CSP will shed light on the “blackbox” of unknown molecular events at various stages of infections in the inter-organismal chytrid/algal systems. This work is highly relevant to the DOE mission in the context of organic carbon cycling in aquatic plankton communities and due to the microalgae being feedstock for biofuels applications. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

International Arctic Ice Drift Experiment MOSAiC

The MOSAiC drift experiment will provide sequence data to study for the first time how microbial communities change over a complete seasonal cycle in the Arctic Ocean in terms of their diversity and gene activity. These results will be instrumental to study climate processes they drive. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Cross-Domain Interactions in Microalgae Communities

Algae–prokaryote associations in phototrophic high pH–high alkalinity cultures containing Chlorella sorokiniana strain SLA-04. a: algal cells, b: bacterial cells; s: algal sheath. (Images courtesy of Dr. Huyen Bui, Center of Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University)We will characterize algal communities from some of the most productive ecosystems in the world to understand the interactions between the microbial community members involved. Our goal is to develop strategies for establishing stable and highly productive photosynthetic communities suitable for biofuel and high-value product generation on an industrial scale. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Characterizing Viruses in Antarctica

Characterizing viruses in extreme environments may facilitate a better understanding of the role that viruses play in the dynamics and evolution of complex microbial communities. [Read More]

October 1, 2019

Role of Fungal Endosymbionts in Host Reproduction

Transmission electron microscopy of Mycoavidus cysteinexigens (arrows) aggregated around lipid bodies (lb) inside hyphae of Mortierella elongata isolate NVP64. Scale bar 1 um. (Alessandro Desiro)Some beneficial plant associated fungi house bacteria inside their cells which impact fungal and plant health. Recent studies show that some fungal endosymbionts manipulate reproduction of their hosts, and may influence plant ecosystems. This project focuses on endosymbionts and fungal reproduction, expanding knowledge on the complexities of microbiome interactions. These fungi are industrially important because they produce valuable lipid products. Our goal is to learn about optimal conditions for fungal health and apply that knowledge to increase crop health and produce alternative energies. [Read More]
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