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… for antibiotics and the microbes that make them is in the soil. There’s … uh… there’s an issue there though, in that … few of the antibiotics that people were looking for in the soil kept getting found over and over again. So we call this … face of growing antibiotic resistance, so we’re looking in soil that’s extremely diverse, and then it comes from all …

Yeah. There’s so much to do there especially looking at metagenomes. So we’re actually eager soon to also work on … the action of the microbiome because if you sterilize the soil, the protective effect is gone. You can transplant the effect by taking the microbial fraction out of one soil, transplanting it into another soil, and then you also …

… and culture-disconnected. Like we’ll take some soil samples and sequence all the bugs out of that or … to bacteria. If you go into another country and take soil and discover a new important drug from the microbes in that soil, there are now international regulations that provide a …

… a microbial community that might be quietly improving the soil. Penn State researchers Mary Ann Bruns and Terry Bell …

… products because they’re easy to find. They grow in the soil. These are the same guys that produce geosmin. And so … natural environment. They usually grow down within the soil. And that purple blob is going to be chock full of … the big drug discovery companies were creating libraries of soil bacteria they kept and – ALISON: Yeah, vancomycin …

… off through these areas. And you can do– with a teaspoon of soil from outside, you maybe have to do a 10,000-fold … is– for us, that’s dripping water, percolating through the soil through leaf litter and humic acids and those kind of … it significantly different than what you might see in, say, soil or any other kind of environments? BRIAN BACHMANN: No, …

… advantages for farmers concerned with improving sustainable soil management practices. … In June 2020, the Department of …

… and environmental challenges. Viruses are everywhere — in soil, the sea and, of course, the cells of other organisms. … culture. Beginning in the early 2000s , these environmental metagenomes began to offer a window into viral existence. … can do. For example, understanding virus-host dynamics in soil microbiomes could allow for more accurate ecosystem …

… or online catalog, I guess. So we've also been able to get soils from Purdue campus itself and been able to actually … have several undergrads from the lab go out and get soil from different areas around their dorm and things like … ignorant question. So if you have these organisms in a soil sample-- BETSY PARKINSON: Yes. JACKIE: --how does that …