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… Cas9 needs guide RNA to lead it to the correct sequence to snip — but not all guides are effective. To … approach: CRISPR-Cas9 relies on RNA with a short guiding sequence (20 bp) that directs the endonuclease where to cut, … To do this, they tested each guide in a  Y. lipolytica strain lacking a necessary enzyme for DNA repair. Whereas an …

… v.5.0: an update to the IMG/Atlas of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res . 48: D422-D430 … 2019. CRAGE enables rapid activation of biosynthetic gene clusters in undomesticated bacteria. Nat Microbiol . 4: …

… the process hinges on referencing to existing genome sequences.  Some of these proteins are what the scientists … novel genes.  They took what they were left with and clustered them into families. From there they focused on … specific environment — whether that be soil, animal hosts, marine ecosystems, etc.  “So, they must be doing something …