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And at the time, it was really exciting when people would sequence [DNA]. The genome was– well, that hadn’t really … polyketide synthase and then P3. We still don’t know why 20 years later. JACKIE WINTER: It’s pretty amazing, … certain clusters are more amenable to work with, or even strains. And I think then it lends more to microbiology. And …

… … For sequencing projects, once work is under way, raw sequence data is released to NCBI’s Sequence Read Archive on a regular basis, in accordance with …

… you maybe explain what’s going on with their biology and why they’re so important to natural products? ERIC:  Sure. … turns a peptide, for example, from a disordered sequence into an antibiotic that kills bacteria through a … tells you what some of those design rules might be and constrains hypotheses that you can test about how to put things …

… at genomes and seeing where the really hard things to sequence were, and wondering what those … what those were … functional was these secondary metabolite pathways. So why was that? What is it about secondary metabolite pathways … what my research focus has been. Maybe the last four or five years or so, this involves, you know, how biosynthetic …

… then genomics happened. Dan: Yeah, I did my first genome sequence with you. Brad: That’s right,  Dan: JGI did it in … that genome – it was a relatively small genome, about five and a half million base pairs. It was not linear, like … working with you, Dan, on this one, and we said, “Well, why don’t we have you know, the bioinformaticians go against …

… able to explore DNA sequencing and actually get to the DNA sequence – sequences for the genes that code for the … Something that’s you know …  ALISON: Central! DAN: That’s why they called it that! But for, maybe, people who are less … expecting to. So you might know of like three or four or five molecules that you maybe had found and ground from your …

… culture-disconnected. Like we’ll take some soil samples and sequence all the bugs out of that or whatever. And so I was … endangered version of modern-day Albanian that comes from five centuries ago. That’s a long story. But it had those … methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Can you share why finding treatments for these microbes is so important? …

… at JGI start with sequencing, but where else did those sequences go? Like, what are the other scientific tools we … that describe the work. In general. Scientific merit and why it’s important. The DOE mission is one of these … section. We want to be sure that the PIs can articulate why their work falls within one of these DOE mission areas. …

… algae, examining both natural populations and engineered strains. This approach allows for the identification of key … affect plant health. The  1000 Fungal Genomes Project is a five-year project to sequence 1000 fungal genomes from across the Fungal Tree of …

The genes are pretty much 100% identical. We don't know why one is expressed over the other. As far as whether we're … usually serve as dimers, and then they will bind to certain sequences of DNA. And when they bind to those certain … OK. Oh, awesome. DAN: So yeah. If you get any cool strains you need some help, we'll probably be able to help …

… feedstock into valuable bioproducts, but many  Clostridium strains are difficult to engineer. Yasuo Yoshikuni and his …

… out introns and dealing with, you know, weirdness in the sequence. You know, some clusters are not clustered…   … it so easily with fungi. So…   NANCY: Yeah, I don’t know why. For example, with that – actually there’s a good talk … this and that. They’re doing all this 16S and I said, “Why don’t you just include the ITS too? It’s so easy to add …