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… like Streptomyces , but circular. 10% of the genome encoded natural product pathways. Dan: Yeah, that’s kind of a … was fun having, you know, working with a student who was a geneticist, having them think like a chemist and thinking … You know, I think petroleum products allows us fantastic flexibility in the types of chemicals that we can make. And …

… get to the DNA sequence – sequences for the genes that code for the proteins that produce secondary metabolites. Do … developed to the point that you could understand the genetics of secondary metabolism, it became possible to do … had been lots of exploration of the genes that would encode secondary metabolism. People wanted to understand what …

Very familiar with working actinomycetes. We can also genetically manipulate them. We can do strain improvements. … of microbial sequences. So let’s say you’re interested in improving a lead compound that you’ve discovered from …

… looking at that I’m a very visual person. So, when we make genetic mutants in a fungal isolate, I can see something … Yeah, okay. Of course. Fungi have a larger genome. The genetics was slower to begin with. So transformation, or … were transformed. So I wasn’t even thinking of molecular genetics of finding genes when I first started out, because …

… my undergraduate in microbiology and then PhD in microbial genetics in the UK. And came across to the US for a couple … and we got a screening platform set up. And we got the genetic engineering set up. And we were kind of off to the … genes in organisms that haven’t been used for really any genetic manipulation. And so this is really the basis of the …