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… user facilities—the  Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) and the  DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI)—have … four focused on biofuels and bioproducts. For example, Sabeeha Merchant of the University of California, Berkeley … gene families to photosynthesis and discover gene functions that may be relevant to both algae and land plants.  Within …

Large-scale comparative analysis leads to identification of biosynthetic gene clusters for novel … for just a small fraction of Earth’s microbial diversity. Because most microbes cannot be cultivated under laboratory … pretty remarkable.” Adding Value Beyond Genome Sequences Much of the data had been generated from environmental …

A genetic architecture that is characteristic of the sex chromosomes of mammals is, … first time, seen in a plant. The Science Sex in plants can be befuddling. Most species are hermaphrodites, expressing … strategy we are far more familiar with: differentiating into male and female sexes. For the first time, the sex …

… components   The Science There are three main ingredients to tackle when it comes to breaking down a plant for energy: … of hardy cell walls. It’s the cellulose and hemicellulose that eventually yield fuels, and removing lignin in order to … into  biofuels and bioproducts. If anaerobic fungi could be used to effectively modify lignin without oxygen and make …

… employed multiple microbiology and ‘omics techniques to experimentally determine that Nanohaloarchaeota are symbionts, rather than free-living organisms as had been originally thought. The Impact The Antarctic lakes are …

Researchers looked across many organisms to see that aminotransferase enzymes have evolved mix-and-match … has a rich back story — they rely on enzymes that have been evolving for billions of years. However, these enzymes …

For the first time, a team analyzes the transcriptomes of a lichen fungus and alga to understand their … The Science The humble lichen is a superorganism: one being that is actually comprised of two (or more) participants. …

… “petabase” – a quadrillion nucleotide bases of DNA sequence to the public data repositories over its now 20-plus-year history. In 2019, the countdown has begun to the June dedication event of the Integrative … those who are already familiar with the research portfolio that the JGI supports, include JGI’s emerging leadership …

… in wild populations for the first time. For years, Elizabeth (Toby) Kellogg and other researchers at the Danforth Plant … a gene associated with leaf angle, which determines how much sunlight leaves can get and in turn serves as a …

… — from plants, algae, bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses — to support scientists around the world. Most of those … send their samples in from afar, without ever hearing much about the sequencing lab. So today, Chris Daum walks … with names — but not doors — and robots handle a bunch of benchwork. …

… the earth, but most species do not grow easily in the lab. To access the genomes of uncultured  microbes , scientists usually employ two different methods; … Primary Template-Directed Amplification (PTA) yields a much higher completion, above 80% in most cases. The Impact …

Gardeners and farmers around the country recognize that crop varieties grow best in certain regions. Most plant species have adapted to their local environments; for example, crop and …